While I’m developing and testing a hook_update_N() function for my module, there are several ways to reset the schema_version in the system database table.
The manual way:
update system set schema_version=0 where name='mymodule';
Or the automated way…throw a Drupal Update Exception:
/**
* Comment on what this update does
*/
function mymodule_update_7001(&$sandbox) {
throw new DrupalUpdateException('Ignore error while testing update.');
}
Caveat: this is only useful for testing prior to actual committing to the changes, once you make database schema or node changes, throwing the exception could cause your database to corrupt.